Abstract
Two-year carcinogenicity tests in rodents are known to have the disadvantages of being expensive and time-consuming. Nowadays, carcinogenicity test models called medium-term tests exist for carcinogens. One of them is based on the concept of initiation-promotion. We have established a rat liver medium-term bioassay and rat multi-organ medium-term assay, the models showing a strong indication of potential carcinogenicity. Another is a transgenic or knock-out mice carcinogenicity model. These medium- term tests are used in addition to traditional carcinogenicity studies.
