DDA (Discontinuous Deformation Analysis), a numerical method used to analyze the discontinuous media, is used to simulate the deformation mechanism of a sand model in this paper.The microscopic mechanism of deformation properties of a sand model such as elasto-plastisity, dilatancy, strain softening, hysteresis loop during unloading-reloading, volume contraction during unloading and formation of shear zone are analyzed and explained by the DDA simulation.The method that takes sand as discontinuous particles provides a powerful approach in the field of soil mechanics.