Abstract
Most mega-cities whose population is over five million contain several sub-centers as well as city center with maximum employment. The growth of sub-centers might be intended by city government policy in order to reduce congestion and energy use in transport sector. On the contrary, more concentration may be advocated because of density economy that mega-city can generate for business sector. In this study, with person trip surveys conducted in seven mega-cities, we investigated the effects of employment distribution in terms of commuting time, business accessibility of surrounding employment and energy use in commuting transport. We found that while commuting time was less in sub-centers than city center, employment accessibility and energy use were better in city center than sub-centers.
