2023 Volume 11 Issue 2 Article ID: 23-17036
Onshore tsunami height is often forecasted or estimated by multiplying an amplification factor by the calculated tsunami height at corresponding offshore sampling points, especially for scenario-based tsunami databases used for real-time tsunami forecasting. However, the maximum tsunami heights at the offshore sampling points are often affected by waves reflected from the shore. To reduce the overestimation or underestimation of the coastal tsunami amplitude, a simplified corrected maximum tsunami height (SCTH), which is the root mean square of the maximum tsunami height and normalized maximum velocity, is defined in this study. After numerical tests and a case study of the tsunami caused by the earthquake that occurred in Fukushima Prefecture on November 22, 2016, SCTH has been confirmed to reduce prediction errors caused by minor differences in the sampled location when applying an empirical relation on coastal tsunami heights between offshore and corresponding onshore points.
