2019 年 7 巻 1 号 p. 63-71
In the case of coastal dikes and seawalls, since big waves break before reaching these structures, the frequency in which they are broken directly by strong wave force is low.On the other hand, with continuous impact of middle waves, scour arises in these fronts. Before long, incident waves infiltrate into these bodies, backfilling materials flow out, and caves in these bodies become big. Owing to these phenomena, the frequency of destruction of these dikes and seawalls becomes high. Therefore, the development of methods for predicting scour rates in these fronts and sand outflow rates of backfilling materials is useful. Regarding scour rates in these fronts, there are already some accurate methods that specialists can use under various conditions. However, for sand outflow rates of backfilling materials, there are some prediction methods limited to simple types of dikes and seawalls.
In this research, the authors develop a numerical model that calculates the flow velocity and pressure in the dike or seawall with arbitrary form using “CADMAS-SURF.” The model can predict the time change in the sand outflow rate and the development of the cave. First, for a sand outflow rate simulation, the authors propose empirical equations to modify the pressure calculated by CADMAS-SURF using hydraulic experiment data. Then, they confirm the practical feasibility of the numerical model by applying it to field cases on sand outflow damage in Japan and Thailand.
