Preventive measures against surface settlement and effect of the auxiliary construction method for urban road tunnel in the house crowd area

Abstract

In recent years, the tunnel constructions by using the mountain tunnelling method in the city area are increasing. However, the influence on natural environment (geographical feature, geology, groundwater), social environment (land use, established structure), or a living environment (noise, vibration) during tunnel excavation process is a serious problem. This paper deals with the preventive measures against surface settlement and assessing the effect of the auxiliary construction method based on the field investigations.