2004 Volume 14 Pages 35-43
In this study, two-dimensional axisymmetric analysis was made to evaluate the effects of the tunnel round length, rate of excavation and the speed of hardening of shotcrete on ground and support characteristic curves.
As a result, it was found that the production of the strength and stiffness of shotcrete had great impact on ground displacement, that the displacement and stress on shotcreted wall surface varied greatly where the tunnel round length was long, and that displacement was larger than at a point of equilibrium reached under a certain pressure on the support, when the tunnel round length was long in relation to the tunnel diameter.
