Development of practical written tests for basketball rules in university physical education classes

Abstract

Among university students who take basketball physical education (PE) classes at universities, many do not sufficiently understand a wide range of rules. For the purpose of teaching comprehensive correct rules, it was first necessary to obtain a grasp of which rules had not been sufficiently learned. In order to do so, written tests are required to grasp the situation. However, severe time limitations are imposed during PE classes because many things such as skills and strategies must be learned. So, it was desirable that the tests constituted a small number of test items. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a practical battery of tests for the knowledge of basketball rules that contained a small number of test items that could be implemented during PE classes.

The subjects were 197 university students from three-universities who were taking basketball PE classes and who were not basketball club members and 234 students from -3 universities who were basketball club members.

First, 50 test items for which the correct answers were significantly higher for basketball members than for students that did not were chosen from 72 original test items developed by Ohyama et al.(2020).Then, in order to examine the influence of independent variables on dependent variables after holding the influence of other variables constant while taking mutual correlations into consideration, Quantification Theory Type Two (QTTT) was applied. As a result of another examination of ranges and partial correlations of each independent variable, 10 test items such as “Double dribble” and “5-sec rule after a basket” were chosen. A practical score table where category weights were transformed into whole numbers and their total number with 30-points was developed, which appeared to be practical because it could be calculated by mental arithmetic.