Displacement comparison of CAD–CAM titanium and zirconia abutments to implants with different conical connections

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the displacements of CAD–CAM zirconia and titanium abutments into different internal connection systems after torquing.

Methods: OsseoSpeed EV and OsseoSpeed TX implants (n = 10) were placed in resin blocks. Zirconia and titanium abutments (n = 5) were first hand tightened and then tightened to the recommended torque (20 N cm for TX and 25 N cm for EV). Displacements of abutments between screw tightening by hand and torque driver was measured using three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D DIC) technique. Displacements were measured in U (front/back), V (into/outward), W (right/left) directions and 3- dimensionally (3D). ANOVA with restricted maximum likelihood estimation method was used to analyze the data. Bonferroni-corrected t tests was used to determine the statistical differences (α = 0.05).

Results: 3D displacement of zirconia and titanium abutments was significantly greater in OsseoSpeed EV implant (P < 0.001). Displacement of zirconia and titanium abutments was not significantly different within implant systems, 3D (P ≥ 0.386) and in each direction (P ≥ 0.382). In U and V directions, zirconia and titanium abutments displaced significantly more towards negative in OsseoSpeed EV implant (P < 0.019). Within the OsseoSpeed TX system, abutments displaced significantly more in V direction compared to the U and W (P ≤ 0.005), and within the Osseospeed EV system, abutment displacements were significantly different amongst directions and displacements in V were the greatest (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Abutments displaced more in the implant that required higher torque values to tighten the abutment. The amount of displacement in both systems was clinically small. Abutment material did not affect the magnitude of displacement.