Purpose: To investigate whether depth-gauge burs in veneer preparations influence preparation depth in a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial and whether inexperienced operators can perform adequate veneer preparations.
Methods: Participants were 20 undergraduate dental students with no prior veneer preparation experience. The instruments used were the “Laminate Veneer System” (LVS), “Keramik-Veneers. de” (KVD), and a “Freehand” group (FH) for reference. All participants prepared three educational acrylic resin maxillae and three mandibular central incisors mounted in typodonts in patient simulators. The objectives were to achieve a preparation depth of 0.6 mm (tooth 11) and 0.4 mm (tooth 31). The sequences of the instruments used and prepared teeth were randomized. The measurements were performed using a laser triangulation coordinate-measuring machine. The data were stratified according to tooth location.
Results: The preparation depths of both depth-gauge-instrument-groups LVS and KVD achieved the objectives significantly better than did the instruments from the “Freehand” group (P < 0.001). The differences between the depth gauge groups were insignificant, although the maximum preparation depths were smaller in the KVD group. Regarding the prepared teeth, the preparation depths in the mandibular incisors were lower, and the differences were smaller.
Conclusions: The use of special depth-gauge burs for initial veneer preparation leads to significantly lower preparation depths than “Freehand” preparations. The tapered instruments resulted in a lower incidence of extreme preparation depths. The inexperienced operators performed veneer preparation remarkably well.
Currently, depth gauge instruments are considered the standard of care for veneer preparation. This study involved preparing maxillary and mandibular incisors and typodont teeth mounted in dental treatment simulators, aiming to simulate a clinical setting as closely as possible. It was conducted as a randomized controlled trial with blinded measurements and independent statistical evaluation.
Purpose: In this narrative review, we present the current applications and performances of artificial intelligence (AI) models in different phases of the removable prosthodontic workflow and related research topics.
Study selection: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases between January 2010 and January 2023. Search terms related to AI were combined with terms related to removable prosthodontics. Articles reporting the structure and performance of the developed AI model were selected for this literature review.
Results: A total of 15 articles were relevant to the application of AI in removable prosthodontics, including maxillofacial prosthetics. These applications included the design of removable partial dentures, classification of partially edentulous arches, functional evaluation and outcome prediction in complete denture treatment, early prosthetic management of patients with cleft lip and palate, coloration of maxillofacial prostheses, and prediction of the material properties of denture teeth. Various AI models with reliable prediction accuracy have been developed using supervised learning.
Conclusions: The current applications of AI in removable prosthodontics exhibit significant potential for improving the prosthodontic workflow, with high accuracy levels reported in most of the reviewed studies. However, the focus has been predominantly on the diagnostic phase, with few studies addressing treatment planning and implementation. Because the number of AI-related studies in removable prosthodontics is limited, more models targeting different prosthodontic disciplines are required.
This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in removable prosthodontics, offering significant insights into the current state and prospects of this field. The authors have adeptly highlighted AI’s potential to revolutionize diagnostic processes and treatment planning, while also emphasizing the need for more comprehensive research and collaboration to fully integrate AI into prosthodontic workflows. This paper is recommended for readers interested in understanding the impact of AI on prosthodontics and the convergence of dental sciences with technological innovation.
Purpose: A growing body of evidence suggests that oral health is associated with a wide range of health outcomes; however, opinions tend to vary because of inconsistent findings. This study aimed to simultaneously examine the association between oral health status and multiple health and well-being indicators using outcome-wide epidemiology.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Oral health status was categorized as: ≥20 teeth, 10-19 teeth with dental prosthesis, 0-9 teeth with prosthesis, 10-19 teeth without prosthesis, and 0-9 teeth without prosthesis. We examined the associations between oral health status in 2013 and 35 health and well-being outcomes in 2019, including physical/cognitive health, psychological distress, subjective health, social well-being, prosocial/altruistic behaviors, and health behaviors, using two databases (n=32,827 and 15,905).
Results: Compared to individuals with ≥20 teeth, those with <20 teeth had a 10-33% higher risk of mortality and a 7-10% higher risk of functional disability six years later. Additionally, individuals with fewer than 20 teeth tended to go out less frequently and eat fewer vegetables and fruits. Furthermore, individuals with 0-9 teeth without a prosthesis were more likely to have severe functional disability (risk ratio (RR):1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.05-1.31), engage in fewer intellectual activities (standardized difference: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.10-0.24), and feel more hopeless (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.41).
Conclusions: The prevention of tooth loss and prosthodontic treatment may be associated with reduced mortality and functional disability, as well as maintenance of intellectual ability, frequency of going out, and improvements in dietary lifestyle.
The association between oral health conditions is being increasingly recognized as significant. This epidemiological study examined the relationship between the number of missing teeth, with and without dentures, and the health status of a cohort of elderly individuals. The authors have concluded that preventing tooth loss and providing prosthodontic treatment may be associated with reduced mortality and functional disability, as well as the maintenance of intellectual ability, frequency of social engagement, and improvements in dietary habits. This study underscores the significance of prosthodontic treatment for missing teeth in maintaining the quality of life in elderly individuals.
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effects of resin primers containing methyl methacrylate (MMA) and silane agent on the bonding effectiveness of indirect resin composite blocks with three different filler contents.
Methods: A commercially available computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin composite block and two experimental resin composite blocks with different filler contents were alumina-blasted and two surface treatments (primer and silane agent) were applied. The resin cement was built up, and the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) was measured after 24 hours, 1 month or 3 months of water storage (n = 24 per group). The fracture surfaces after μTBS measurements and resin block/cement interface were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results: The primer treatment group showed a significantly higher bond strength than the silane group only in F0 (filler content 0 wt%) group (P < 0.001). In the primer group, F0 and F41 (filler content 41 wt%) groups showed significantly higher bond strengths than F82 (filler content 82 wt%) group (P < 0.001). In contrast, in the silane group, F41 group showed significantly higher bond strength than F0 and F82 groups (P < 0.001), and F82 group showed significantly higher bond strength than F0 group (P < 0.001). SEM revealed that the matrix resin was partially destroyed on the fracture surface of the primer group, and an uneven interface surface was observed compared with that of the silane group.
Conclusions: MMA-containing primers showed higher bonding effectiveness to CAD/CAM resin composite blocks than the silane treatment.
A groundbreaking study has emerged with the potential to revolutionize dental treatments. The latest research has focused on the adhesive strength of resin composite crowns fabricated using CAD/CAM technology. This study compared the efficacy of a novel resin primer containing methyl methacrylate (MMA) with those of conventional silane agents. The results showed that treatment with MMA-containing primers improved the adhesion between the resin composite blocks and resin cement. In addition, the MMA-containing primer formed a 5-10 μm layer at the interface, exhibiting a distinct adhesion mechanism via silane treatment. These findings provide major insights into the development of novel bonding protocols for dental care. Expectations are high for future advancements in the theory of adhesion mechanisms.
Study selection: Partial laminate veneers, defined as small ceramic restorations adhesively luted onto unprepared anterior teeth, are an interesting and conservative alternative to conventional ceramic and composite resin veneers in the anterior region. This literature review aimed to summarize the available laboratory and clinical data on ceramic partial laminate veneers. An electronic search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The keywords used were “partial veneer,” “partial laminate veneer,” “ceramic fragment,” and “sectional veneer.” The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the QUIN tool.
Results: Of the 266 identified articles, only 16 met the inclusion criteria (ten clinical reports, five laboratory studies, and one retrospective clinical study). To date, no randomized controlled clinical trials have been conducted. Most laboratory studies displayed a low risk of bias, with partial laminate veneers rendering adequate strength and color stability. Clinical reports have shown large variability in material selection, luting, and finishing/polishing protocols.
Conclusions: Low-quality evidence is available for ceramic partial laminate veneers. Available data from laboratory studies suggest good mechanical and optical performances comparable to those of conventional ceramic and composite resin veneers. Further clinical studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted.
This literature review explored small ceramic restorations adhesively luted onto unprepared anterior teeth, also known as partial laminate veneers, fabricated from traditional ceramic and/or resin composite. From an electronic search, laboratory studies have suggested promising mechanical and optical performances for partial laminate veneers, and clinical reports have highlighted the large variability in material selection and application protocols. Overall, the review suggests comparable performance to traditional veneers but also indicates low-quality evidence for ceramic partial laminate veneers, thus emphasizing the need for further clinical studies with extended follow-up periods to confirm their effectiveness.
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