2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 33-43
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects immune cells including CD4+ T cells. Previous studies demonstrated that host proteins in immune cells regulate HIV-1 replication. However, it has not yet been clarified how virion-packaged host proteins affect viral replication. Thus, the identification of virion-packaged host proteins and the elucidation of their role in HIV-1 replication are among the important approaches to clarifying further the HIV-1 replication process. Furthermore, because viral proteins utilize intracellular post-translational modification enzymes to acquire protein diversity, the identification and functional analysis of post-translational modifications in viral proteins are also important for elucidating the mechanism of HIV-1 replication. In this review, among the novel HIV-1 replication mechanisms that we have discovered by proteome analysis using infectious HIV-1 particles, we present the inhibition of HIV-1 replication by intravirion glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the importance of post-translational modification on viral capsid protein.
