On the Density Matrix of Nonequilibrium Steady-State Statistical Mechanics

抄録

This letter derives a density matrix of steady-state statistical mechanics compatible with steady-state thermodynamics proposed by Oono and Paniconi [Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. No. 130 (1998) 29]. To this end, I adopt three plausible basic assumptions for uniform steady states: (i) equivalence between any two subsystems of the total, (ii) statistical independence between any two subsystems, and (iii) additivity of energy. With a suitable definition of energy, it is then shown that uniform steady states driven by mechanical forces may be described by the Gibbs distribution.