A Density Functional Model for the Surface Profile of Liquid Metals

抄録

A simple phenomenological model for the liquid metal surface based on the density functional formalism is proposed to study the surface density profile. The model is based on the density functional formalism and takes care of the strong density dependence of the free energy as well as the electrostatic dipole barrier. It is shown that this dipole barrier due to the difference of the electronic and ionic density distributions in the liquid-vapor transition zone is responsible for the oscillation of the ionic density profile. The necessary condition for the appearance of this oscillation is also elucidated.