オリンピズムの平和思想に関する哲学的探究

―カントの平和思想を手掛かりとして―

抄録

Working in accordance with Pierre de Coubertin’s peace thoughts, the Olympic movement considers the promotion of world peace its mission. This thought has been passed down the generations as ‘Fundamental Principle of Olympism’. However, achieving world peace by staging the Olympic Games is impossible, and terrorist attacks and boycotts have served as critical elements undermining Olympism.
As this thought of establishing a peaceful society was the cause of de Coubertin’s desire to revive the Olympics, previous research has focused on examining statements regarding peace in the Olympic movement-related literature. However, it is as yet unclear how the peace proposed by Olympism is to be achieved in practice, and this constitutes an ongoing issue in the current field of research.
First, this paper surveys the body of previous research on Olympism and de Coubertin’s thinking. Then, citing the peace thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, it attempts to examine what contribution to world peace of Olympism is meant to signify in concrete terms.According to Kant, ‘nature’ is the guarantor of perpetual peace. Human conduct, guided by nature, evolves through ‘competition’ and progresses through the mutual understanding that resolution of conflict leads to a state of peace. Furthermore, Kant believed that our world, guided by nature’s designs, was consistently historical; thus, ‘historical investigations’ may enable us to believe in the future.
Therefore, the manner in which Olympism is supposed to contribute to world peace is founded on ‘competition’ and ‘historical investigations’ and the practice of both leads to positive progress towards peace.