新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の治療

抄録

Coronavirus is a type of single-stranded RNA virus with a lipid bilayer called an envelope on the outside, and it looks like a corona under an electron microscope. It cannot self-regenerate, attaches to and enters human cells via ACE2 receptors, and proliferates within the human cells. There have been some coronaviral diseases such as SARS, MERS and "normal" human coronaviruses (HCoV) that cause common colds.

The "new coronavirus" was named as SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and new coronavirus infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named as COVID-19 short for "corona-virus disease discovered in 2019". SARS-CoV-2 infection spreads before the symptom onset, and prophylactic actions such as wearing masks and social or physical distancing are very important and critical.

Treatment is mainly general respiratory management with various therapeutic agents including approved or nonapproved antiviral drugs for treating new coronavirus infection such as remdesivir, favipiravir in combination with corticosteroids (dexamethasone) and other expected agents for treating COVID-19 such as inhaled corticosteroid (ciclesonide), ivermectin, anticoagulants, antimicrobials and the treatment of comorbid illnesses. Therapeutic methods and agents are selected at the hospital based on the latest information such as treatment results and side effects of each regimen.

In this symposium, I would like to talk about current knowledge of the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 in Japan.