Nanocontrast Medium Across the Blood Brain Barrier with Noninvasive Penetration for MR Molecular Theranostic Imaging

抄録

Biomedical imaging has emerged as one of the fastest growing research areas in recent years given the evolution of techniques in molecular imaging, anatomical imaging, functional imaging and advancements in imaging biomarker generation. Developments have also been accelerated by efforts to realize precision medicine, which necessitates a multi-scale understanding of diseases that integrate insights in areas such as radiology, pathology, and genetics. In the era of precision oncology, genome-based cancer therapeutics rely on initial profiling using genomic, morphological and functional imaging information. Noninvasive treatments of brain-related disorders have emerged as an important research direction. However, the blood brain barrier (BBB) efficiently prevents most therapeutic drugs from entering brain tissue, thus often requiring large drug doses which raises concerns of adverse side effects. Some strategies have been developed to enhance the transport of NP formulations across the BBB, such as the use of certain ligands on the NP surface. These ligands include peptides, antibodies, and proteins and help NPs to cross the BBB though receptor-mediated pathways.

The intrinsic and extrinsic properties of inorganic nanoparticles enable them to be used as excellent biological imaging probes and diagnostic/therapeutic agents at the cellular levels. Herein, we developed the biocompatible and BBB-permeated nanocomposites that were composed of paramagnetic iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles and biodegradable polymer (alginate; alg) as an nano-carrier for anticancer drug (doxorubicin; Dox) in brain cancer therapy. Furthermore, the alg-Fe₃O₄ NPs were conjugated with BBB-permeated G23 peptides that were able to increase the penetration of BBB for brain tumor treatment It provides novel approaches to better improving of superoxide indicator delivery, imaging and detection. For the long-term and innovative development of different therapeutic paradigms for brain disease, the need of targeted non-invasive imaging tool is demanded for dynamically evaluating the treatment response. The information from molecular imaging is essential for understanding the mechanism and chronological changes of different treatment paradigms.