The difference of Condition of Group Split in Multi-level Seleciton Model

Abstract

In human society, there seem to be cooperation even among unrelated humans associate with each other only once. But, for oneself, not-cooperating is always more beneficial than cooperating. So, for the selfish, there is no reason to cooperate with others. To explain the evolution of altruism in human society, many people argue that groups with more altruists survive when groups compete. But, a man is also affected by people around him and group-level institutions. The part of cultural practices and institutions such as monogamy and food-sharing may attenuate within-group selection and enhance the evolution of cooperation. We simulate an artificial group-structured population based on the previous study to examine which condition altruism can evolve in human society.\n