How will artificial general intelligence change the economy?

Abstract

This paper analyzes the impact of the emergence of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and general-purpose robots on the economy and employment. AGI is expected to replace white-collar jobs, while general-purpose robots will replace blue-collar jobs, potentially leading to mass unemployment and structural economic changes. The automation of scientific research will accelerate technological progress, causing economic growth rates to rise exponentially. As policy recommendations, Japan should invest national funds in AGI development and consider introducing basic income and demand-stimulating measures.