How can Deaf and hearing people synchronize tap?: An analysis of student-instructor interaction in tap dance.

Abstract

How can synchronization of body movements be achieved when tap dancing between Deaf and hearing people? In this study, an observational record was made of a situation in which a hearing and sighted person acted as an instructor and practiced a tap dance number with Deaf, visually impaired and hearing and sighted students. In this practice, the instructor needed to provide the audiovisual cues necessary for synchronization to all of the Deaf, visually impaired and other students. Twenty-six examples were analyzed by ELAN to determine what kind of spatiotemporal structure is present in these cues when synchronization is achieved. The results showed that the lecturers produced accurate cues not only aurally but also visually, by performing preliminary rhythmic movements (e.g. large swings up) or movements with a clear starting point (e.g. quick release of folded hands) immediately before the emission of an auditory cue, such as hand clapping. It was also found that these movements were developed on the spot after several attempts.