Abstract
Recently, children diagnosed with“pediatric bipolar disorder”are increasing specifically in United States. This clinical practice in United States does not fit the clinical impression by majority of Japanese psychiatrists that onset of bipolar disorder in children does exist but rare. These cases have severe mood dysregulation including irritability and aggression but do not satisfy the diagnostic criteria of bipolar I or II disorder. It is not known whether these cases will develop adult bipolar disorder. To avoid such over-diagnosis, a new category, Temper Dysregulation Disorder with Dysphoria(TDDD), was introduced in DSM-5 draft. Using this criteria, further studies should be performed to clarify the long term outcome and possible role of psychostimulant treatment.
