2013 Volume 69 Issue 5 Pages I_381-I_389
Scientific forecasts predict that climate change will be magnified, raising the risk of natural disasters in the future. The climate change will be gradual, but extreme weather events will increase in frequency and intensity. Vulnerability created by the water related disaster should be solved especially in Megacity which many assets are located. The realization of climate change mitigation and adaptation remain an urgent global issue. As a way of flood risk adaptation and CO2 emissions mitigation, it should be effective that people retreat from flood-hazard areas and realize compact city. It means climate change mitigation and adaptation is compatible. There is an urgent need to review synergy and trade-off between climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. The objective of this study is to develop an integrated evaluation system for direct and indirect CO2 emissions under land-use scenarios considering compact city and flood risk prevention and electric vehicles (EVs) and photovoltaic (PV) panels introduction scenarios, in order to assess both mitigation and adaptation measures. For creating the scenarios, this study used a spatially explicit land-use model at a local town level. Indirect emissions based on household's expenditure are also estimated in addition to direct emissions. In this study, the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Japan, is selected as a case study to apply the system for assessment. The simulation results suggest that climate change mitigation and adaptation can generate a synergistic effect from the viewpoint of CO2 emissions.