2020 Volume 76 Issue 2 Pages 180-195
We examine the causal effects of the toll reform scheme that started in April 2016 for the Metropolitan Tokyo on traffic demand. Firstly the spatial panel data regression has been performed for the OD traffic demand obtained from the electronic toll collection data and we find a significant causality of tolling on traffic demand. Second, we have applied an aggregate route choice mode that accommodates panel effects and find the significant route shift from the Metropolitan Expressway to the Inter-City Expressway. Finally, we have estimated the net causal effects of the toll reform scheme and find that indeed the route traffic shift has been confirmed though it has little effects on the total traffic demand.
