Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify the factors related to the successful peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC) by paramedics.
METHODS: 381 records of PIVC cases, from the data base of BANDO-MC (Ibarakiseinan Fire Department, Saitamatobu Fire Bureau, Noda-city Fire Department, and Tatebayashi Fire Department) between August 2018 to February 2019, were enrolled. Primary outcome to identify factors affecting PIVC using univariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling. We created three models: patient factors only; paramedic factors only; and all factors model. We assessed each model’s performance using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.
RESULTS: A total of 381 PIVC were inserted. The mean of the patient age was 73 (SD 14.91) years old with more males (57.7%). We found the factors associated with PIVC in the pre-hospital setting. Patient age associated with the failure of PIVC: OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.958 to 0.994; p<0.05. In patient factors: vein size (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.142 to 1.591) and vein visibility (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.051 to 1.425) were related to PIVC success. Patients model was greater confidence for PIVC success (AUC 0.826, 95% CI 0.780 to 0.864) than paramedic factors model: AUC 0.594, 95% CI 0.536 to 0.650 (patient model vs paramedic model p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: This study suggested that venous property factors associated with the success of PIVC. This result shows that paramedics need training to find out patient’s vein in better condition to increase a success rate of PIVC.
