ヒスタミンの頭位眼振に与える影響

メニエール病について

抄録

In order to evaluate the involvement of histamine in Meniere's disease and to select drugs for the prevention of reccurent attacks, positional nystagmus was examined before and after the injection of histamine by means of Frenzel's glasses or ENG. Prior to the test it was observed for ten minutes that no apparent change developed without injection in twenty-six patients suffering from vertigo.
Intradermal injection of 0.02 ml of 0.01% histamine was given to patients and normal persons. A distinct appearance or increase of the positional nystagmus ten minutes after the injection was evaluated as apositive reaction. When these changes were slight, they were classified as having negative reactions in the same manner as those who showed no change or no nystagmus.
In Ménière's disease with episodes of vertigo with tinnitus and/or fluctuating hearing loss, thirteen of the cases (24.1%) were classified as having positive reactions. Nine suspicious cases of Menière's disease, thirty vertiginous patients and nine normal persons demonstrated negative reactions without exception.
The positive reaction was more frequently observed in those who have the following features : age above forty, positive allergic history, hyporeaction in the caloric test, hearing loss of more than 31 dB, recent episode of vertigo within a week, histamine-binding power of less than 512 times of dilution, relatively high level of serum IgE and positional nystagmus to the affected side before the test.
The reaction to histamine was often different at different trials, but nystagmus tended to appear to the affected side. These results suggest that histamine occasionally increases the excitability of the affected labyrinth in Meniere's disease.