Vibriosis is the general term for diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio. “Red-pest” of eels caused by Vibrio anguillarum is the first description of fish vibriosis, and 14 Vibrio species have been known as the etiological agent of aquatic organisms. Vibrios are basically halophilic and distributed widely in ocean, and the disease occurs mainly in marine cultured fish and shellfish worldwide, except for some infections in freshwater cultured salmonids and ayu. The disease also has posed severe problems in hatchery-produced larvae and juveniles. In this review, we briefly outline vibriosis particularly important for Japanese aquaculture.
