Original Articles
Factors Associated with Nutritional Risk Status of Inpatients with Dysphagia in General Hospitals
2020 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 106-117
Details
2020 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 106-117
Background：Although malnutrition hinders the recovery of inpatients, the potential contribution of dentists to the Nutrition Support Team（NST）has not been fully elucidated.
Objectives：To clarify the nutritional risk status of hospitalized patients with suspected dysphagia and related factors.
Method：The preparatory and oral stages（occlusal support area with remaining teeth/dentures, use of dentures, maximum tongue pressure, masticatory ability）and pharyngeal stage（repetitive saliva swallowing test, modified water swallowing test, Hyodoʼs score by videoendoscopic examination）of swallowing, nutritional risk（Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index＝GNRI）, consciousness level（Japan Coma Scale）and diet modification level were evaluated in patients who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aidu Chuo Hospital Dental and Oral Medical Center for suspected dysphagia from April 2015 to April 2019. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the nutritional status：medium/severe nutritional risk（GNRI＜92）and no/mild nutritional risk（GNRI≥92）, and each item was compared between the groups by the Chi square test and Mann-Whitneyʼs U test. Factors for medium/severe nutritional risk were investigated by binomial logistic analysis.
Results：Subjects in the medium/severe nutritional risk group（n＝285）were older and showed lower denture use ratio, functional occlusal support, masticatory performance and each score of swallowing function than those in the no/mild nutritional risk group（n＝30）. GNRI was significantly higher in the normal diet group than in the other diet modification groups. As a result of binomial logistic analysis, age, parenteral intake, and Hyodoʼs score were selected as items associated with malnutrition.
Conclusion：Factors associated with nutritional risk of inpatients suspected of dysphagia in general hospitals were identified, which included factors associated with oral function.
