Abstract
The natural features of Java, most civilized area amongst the Indonesian Islands have always been favorable for the human living since the ancient times, and today has the highest population density in the world. As is well known, it was on this Island that the Pithecanthropus erectus, the valuable anthropological material was discovered. The material, however, is far too ancient to have any connection with current races of the world, a nd various theories on Pithecanthropus are still at stage of imagination and conjecture. During the last world war, making use of the fortunate opportunity of the stay in the Island the author tried anthropological measurements on the present existing natives of the Island as well as on the various foreign races residing there at the time. The author put the data together, made study of them in spare moments and brought them home. The author publishes this report with the desire that it may furnish anthropologists with some information and it consequently may contribute somthing to the welfare of the various Asiatic races. In obtaining the data by measurement surveys, the author owes greatly to Mr. Semaruto and Mr. Seharujo, both native survey officers under the Javanese Military Goverment, for their constant assistance and also to native leaders for their cooperation and support. Upon writing this I remember their kindnesses and am full of gratitude and respect to them. Furthermore, upon finishing the paper I should like to express my profound gratitude to Professor Kunizo Hukuda, Physiology Department of Tokyo University, for his guidance and revision for completion of the research.
