In recent years much attention has been given to the problem of pulmonary disease associated with unclassified mycobacteria. In 1935, Pinner pointed out that chromogenic acid-fast bacilli could be found in various human materials, and emphasized the need for careful study in diagnostic procedures. The authers found out 2 patients who have been admitted to a Tuberculosis Hospital, from whose sputum unclassified mycobacteria were found. In case 1, Rapid grower by Runyon were cultured in the sputum. In case 2, culture study revealed photochromogenic unclassified mycobacteria, and the same bacteria were cultured from the surgical specimen. Susceptibility tests revealed these bacilli to be resistant to Streptomycin, PAS, and Isoniazid.

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One hundred and eight workers as about 20% of all employees were discharged in an industry. Two of them made away with themselves. The mental hygienic study was made with regard to these 2 suicides, i.e. the socio-economical and cultural conditions in their community were observed and their families were diagnosed. The motivation for their suicides may be brought about by the anti-humanistic charactor possessed in the discharge. But, it was made clear that the follwoing factor existed in the back-grounds of them ; the signficance of the discharge on their life, the relation between the industry and their community or families, the socialvalue in the employment for them, and their personality. These suicides must be understood as a phenomenon of the strain in the process of modernization in the rural community.

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The present author has carried out an inquiry on the reach of medical service rendered by a private mental hospital, which has more than 100 beds and is located in a rural area in Saitama Prefecture. 1) About 50% of all inpatients were inhabitants of the locality (Gun) in which this hospital is located. 2) The frequency with which the inpatients are visited by their families is smaller in proportion to the distance between the hospital and their dwellings, and this is also the case with regard to the number of patients who are taken in again after their leaving the hospital. 3) The length of time during which inpatients stay hospitalized has no relation whatever to the distance from the hospital to their dwellings.

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The natural features of Java, most civilized area amongst the Indonesian Islands have always been favorable for the human living since the ancient times, and today has the highest population density in the world. As is well known, it was on this Island that the Pithecanthropus erectus, the valuable anthropological material was discovered. The material, however, is far too ancient to have any connection with current races of the world, a nd various theories on Pithecanthropus are still at stage of imagination and conjecture. During the last world war, making use of the fortunate opportunity of the stay in the Island the author tried anthropological measurements on the present existing natives of the Island as well as on the various foreign races residing there at the time. The author put the data together, made study of them in spare moments and brought them home. The author publishes this report with the desire that it may furnish anthropologists with some information and it consequently may contribute somthing to the welfare of the various Asiatic races. In obtaining the data by measurement surveys, the author owes greatly to Mr. Semaruto and Mr. Seharujo, both native survey officers under the Javanese Military Goverment, for their constant assistance and also to native leaders for their cooperation and support. Upon writing this I remember their kindnesses and am full of gratitude and respect to them. Furthermore, upon finishing the paper I should like to express my profound gratitude to Professor Kunizo Hukuda, Physiology Department of Tokyo University, for his guidance and revision for completion of the research.

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