新しい極限状態

超重力場の発生と物質科学への応用

抄録

Strong acceleration field can realize the sedimentation of even atoms, and is expected to create a crystal chemical nonequilibrium state in multi-component condensed matter. Such phenomena may be useful in many fields such as metallurgy, solid state chemistry, polymer physics, materials processing, nucleonic, as well as biochemistry. However, the researches of microscopic phenomena in solids under strong acceleration field have not ever been undertaken, being now an unprecedented area. In this article, we focus our attention on ultra-strong acceleration field (mega-gravity field) as a new extreme condition for materials science. The effects of strong acceleration field on atoms or crystal state, etc. in condensed matter and the possible applications to materials science are discussed on the basis of the theoretical analyses. The previous ultracentrifuge machines are reviewed, and an ultracentrifuge apparatus to generate a strong acceleration field of over 1 million (1×10⁶) g at high temperature is described. The mega-gravity field experiment for solids is now started by using the apparatus.