Abstract
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) entered into force on 29th December, 1993. CBD stipulates ABS principles such as “sovereign right of States”, “prior informed consent” (PIC) and “mutually agreedterms” (MAT). More recently, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the CBD entered into force on 12th October, 2014. The Nagoya Protocol is an international agreement which aims at sharing the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources in a fair and equitable way. The Nagoya Protocol obligates both provider countries and user countries. In this review, I introduce the ABS principles under the CBD and the framework of the Nagoya Protocol and outline the present situations and difficulties of implementing the Nagoya Protocol.
