The directions and methods of genetic engineering and cultivation of lactic acid bacteria for the beginners

Abstract

Genetic engineering of lactic acid bacteria is a difficult task for the beginners due to large difference in strains of interest and poor access for genetic tools. In this review, based on the author’s experiences, experimental directions and methods for selecting the host strain and vectors; transformation of lactic acid bacteria; optimization of expression system; gene disruption/insertion; cultivation of recombinants are provided.