Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine mattress comfort in terms of subjective handling of the material, sinkage, firmness, elasticity (resilience), warmth, turning over, and width (size), and proposed a causal model of overall sleeping comfort. A web-based survey was conducted with 360 participants (180 males and 180 females) aged 50 to 89 to investigate factors related to sleeping comfort. The results indicated that individuals with a lower BMI rated mattress width (size) more favorably, suggesting that physical characteristics may influence mattress selection. To examine the causal model of sleeping comfort, multiple regression analysis was performed with comfort as the dependent variable and subjective handling of the material, sinkage, firmness, elasticity (resilience), warmth, turning over, and width (size) as independent variables. Simultaneous multi-population analysis was conducted to further analyze the causal model of overall comfort.
In the four-factor model related to overall comfort, sinkage, turning over, width (size), and warmth were significantly related. A comparison between the analysis results for the 20-49 and 50-89 age groups showed that sinkage, warmth, and width (size) were common influential factors. The primary difference was that elasticity (resilience) had a smaller effect for the 50-89 age group, while the influence of turning over increased. For turning over, the effect was particularly strong among older males, potentially due to physical changes (e.g., pain). Furthermore, by categorizing participants into mature (50-64 years), early elderly (65-74 years), late elderly (75-89 years), and by gender, changes in the influence of factors were observed. Meanwhile, in the six-factor model, sinkage, firmness, elasticity (resilience), warmth, turning over, and width (size) were significantly related. The findings suggest the need to consider physical information such as height, weight, body type, and physical condition, including factors like pain.
https://ror.org/00ntfnx83 
