抄録
The present paper deals with the studies on the experimental mumps. Human volunteers were infected with mumps virus, and along the course of the infection thereafter, the pattern of infection, onset, recovery and antibody production were observed. Furthermore, studies on the reisolation of the virus were also conducted.
The strain of virus employed in the present work was Showa B strain, which was isolated by the author and his colleagues in 1952. This strain was isolated from the pure parotid saliva of the patient through amniotic inoculation. The same procedures were adopted in the reisolation of the virus in the present work. When this strain of virus was used, the hemagglutination titre was 1: 1280. The results of various observations on this strain have been presented several times at the meetings of the Japanese Bacteriological Society etc.
Volunteer M. D. (a 13 years old male) was inoculated with 0.2 cc of the original material, and Volunteer S. S. (a 14 year old female) with 0.2 cc of the 100-fold dilution of the original material. The material was introduced through the orifice of the Stensen's duct according to the technique by Johnson and Goodpasture. Observations were made carefully along the course of the infection.
The onset was recorded 17 days after the inoculation in the case of M. D. and after 21 days in the case of S. S. They were diagnosed as mumps from the findings inn the blood, rise in the temperature and the pattern of the swelling of parotid gland.
The hemagglutination inhibition titre and the complement fixation titre of the patients' sera were enhanced as the time elapsed. The complement fixation titre was maintained showing no lowering even after 4 months. In this instance, viruses of Showa B and “Lederle Mumps Diagnostic Antigen” were employed as antigens in combination. In view of the hemagglutination inhibition titre and the complement fixation titre determined with the sera from the volunteers, reconvalescents' sera from a natural epidemic, , and with immune sera prepared with Showa B strain and Enders' strain, the virus reisolated from the parotid gland was regarded as that previously inoculated and as numps virus. By the above observations, the abovementioned illnes was proved to be mumps induced by Showa B strain of mumps virus.
It was also observed that, among the eggs of a group inoculated with the same inoculum in the second passage, some ones were virus-positive and some other ones were found virusnegative, and that part of the eggs inoculated with the material derived fromm the virus-negative egg proved to be virus-positive eggs. On the reverse, part of the eggs inoculated with the material derived from the virus-positive egg proved to be virus-negative eggs. From these two facts, explanations were given to the correlationship between the inoculum and the virus isolated induced by the passage through living body, and the findings clarifying the specificity of the isolation of virus were described.
