Simultaneous and real-time quantification of multiple drugs with a needle-type diamond electrode

Abstract

To elucidate the mechanisms underlying drug effects, it is crucial to measure local pharmacokinetics within organs. At clinical site, multiple drugs are simultaneously used for treatment of a variety of diseases. In this case, the pharmacokinetics would be complicated because of drug-drug interaction. To precisely determine the drug dynamics, it is necessary to develop a sensing system that can track different compounds in real-time. In this study, we utilized a diamond microsensor and established a dual-drug monitoring system based on electrochemical method. Initially we analyzed current-voltage properties of two antibiotics, vancomycin and ceftriaxone in PBS. Both drugs showed reduction currents in response to negative potential. Second, we analyzed PBS containing both antibiotics. From the current data, we constructed an analytical algorithm by machine learning method. This algorithm permitted us to quantify vancomycin and ceftriaxone simultaneously in real-time. The method described here would be valuable to optimize multi-drug therapeutic regimens.