Basic Studies on Hydraulic Capsule Transportation : Part 1. Loss due to Cylindrical Capsules Set in Circular Pipe Flow

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On the loss due to cylindrical model capsules set in the flow of circular section pipe, an experimental investigation was carried out in the ranges of 5×10²∼3×10⁴ in Reynolds number and 0.64∼0.92 in the diameter ratio. The main results obtained are as follows : (1) The friction factor λ_m in eccentric annuli having unit eccentricity depends on Reynolds number Re_m and the diameter ratio K and is expressed as [numerical formula] where n is 1 in the laminar flow and n is 1/4 in the turbulent flow. (2) The inflow contraction factor ζ_i and the outflow expansion factor ζ_e are dependent on Reynolds number and the diameter ratio respectively and ζ_i is larger than ζ_e. (3) The additional loss factor due to capsule η_c decreases with an increase in Reynolds number Re in the range of Re>5×10³ and at a given Reynolds number, it increases with an increase in the diameter ratio and the length diameter ratio of capsule.