Abstract
In the fields of forensic medicine, the development of a simulation model of bleeding to assist in clinical observation is desired. Zero-dimensional simulation models that have a low computational load are effective for performance of lengthy analysis such as the decrease of blood pressure caused by bleeding. The purpose of this study was to expand the zero-dimensional cardiovascular system model by Hanzawa et al. to an internal and external human body blood flow simulation model by considering bleeding. Bleeding was simulated by setting an outflow at an arbitrary point in the simulation model. The validity of the proposed model was examined by analyzing the effect of bleeding on the behavior of the cardiovascular system. Due to bleeding, pressure decline and volume decrease were observed in each part of the cardiovascular system. With respect to the pressure decline, a rapid pressure decline and a slow pressure decline were observed. The rapid pressure decline was observed in the aorta and left ventricle. This is a result of the increase in the flow rate due to bleeding. On the other hand, the slow pressure decline was observed in the whole cardiovascular system. This is caused by the decrease in the total volume of the cardiovascular system.
