Laser-induced bubble collapse behavior near adjacent rigid and soft walls

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a disease in which stones form in the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and other organs. Transurethral lithotripsy (TUL or URS) is one of the treatments for urinary lithiasis. Stone crushing is caused by laser-induced bubble collapse and laser-induced heat generation, which may cause damage to the surrounding tissues and complications. In this study, we observed the collapse behavior of laser-induced bubbles that formed near the wall with different hardness. The results showed that the bubbles collapsed while moving toward the rigid wall during the collapse.