A computational simulation for trabecular bone remodeling using a voxel FEM, in which resorption and formation on the trabecular surfaces are directly expressed by removal and addition of the voxel elements, have a numerical limitation depending on the discretized element size. To remove this restriction, in this study, a level set method was introduced for smooth surface movement due to the trabecular remodeling combining with the voxel FEM. The proposed method was compared with the conventional voxel method through a case study of remodeling simulation for a single trabecula under uniaxial compressive loading. As a result, it was demonstrated that the proposed technique using a level set method could enable us to express the smooth surface movement of trabecula without dependence on the discretized element size.
