Visualization and numerical analysis of the flow in a hollow fiber type hemodialyzer were conducted to investigate the channeling phenomenon in which the blood flow deviates from normal behavior. Dialysate flow is perturbed by baffle to make the function of dialyzer ineffective. Dialysate flow was visualized with a Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV) after the baffle structure was mechanically changed. The dialysate and blood flow were numerically analyzed using a Finite Element Method (FEM). As a result, we could propose an effective configuration of dialyzer that has advantages in both traditional and improved types.