Regarding a rolling cam follower system, the frictional losses in the valve train have been measured with a cam-tappet test rig. In particular, the influences of oil property and its deterioration on losses have been examined by the use of an oil contaminated with soot kinds and other oils. Further the friction of a needle roller follower was measured. Followings were made obvious. (1) The friction loss is remarkably reduced by the use of the roller tappet but the total loss of the valve train is approximately half as much as that with the flat tappet. (2) Little difference was observed among the different oils tested. (3) The friction loss is not always reduced by the use of the needle roller.