The loosening mechanism of bolt-nut joints subjected to axial loads has not yet fully elucidated. In addition, no reports have clarified the effect of the tolerance in the engagement of screw threads and the thread accuracy on the loosening mechanism of bolt-nut joins under repeated axial loads. In this paper, the loosening mechanism of bolt-nut joins under repeated axial load was investigated. As a result, it was reported that the loosening decreased as the tolerance in the engagement and the thread accuracy increased. Furthermore, it was found experimentally that the loosening decreased as the contact surfaces between the clamped part and the nut increased. It was also observed that the loosening was improved when the nut with flange was used.