This paper deals with fatigue property of paper-based friction materials under cyclic tensile-compressive loading and damage behavior under cyclic compressive loading. The fatigue tests under out-of-plane compressive and slight tensile loading are conducted to evaluate fatigue strength of friction materials. The fatigue tests under compressive loading are also conducted to investigate of damage behavior under cyclic compressive loading. Two kinds of friction materials used are composed of aramid fiber and phenolic resin, and cellulose fiber and phenolic resin. The fatigue strength of both materials decreases with increasing load cycles. The damage in both materials initiates and accumulates under compressive loading.