アルミニウム合金製車体構造の衝撃試験および解析的検討

抄録

The target of this study is to clarify the impact behavior of car body structures for railway vehicles, that have double skin panels made of aluminum alloy, in the event of a collision accident by a numerical approach. As the previous step, we carried out the impact compression tests by using the double skin panels. The test specimen was compressed in extrusion direction at an initial speed of about 10 m/s under two conditions: an overall compression condition for compressing the entire cross-section of the specimen and a local compression condition for compressing a part of it. Under the overall compression condition, buckling deformation mainly occurred at the end of the test specimen. In contrast, under the local compression condition, besides buckling deformation, shear fracture occurred. In both conditions, the force-displacement relationship in each case was almost the same until the force reached the maximum value. After that, its relationship was different from each other caused by the difference in the mode of buckling deformation. We also carried out FEM simulations under the same conditions as the tests. A material model that can express the strain rate dependence of the stress-strain characteristics was used for these simulations. As a result of the comparison between the simulations and the tests, under each condition, the maximum force was almost the same, and the transition of deformation and the force-displacement relationship generally agreed.