抄録
A manufacturing system often has various descriptions of its past records, present states, and future plans along with time axis. In addition to these variations, models on its virtual system are made as well as real system. We need a conceptual scheme with which various descriptions on a manufacturing system could be integrated and managed consistently. In this paper a complex manufacturing space (CMS) is examined from the viewpoint of real-virtual duality in model description and implementation issues are briefly explained.
