サッカー選手の情報処理能力に関する研究

抄録

The present study utilized physiological and neuropsychological indices to clarify the characteristics of intracerebral information processing in expert soccer players. A total of 26 university soccer players of different sporting levels (expert group: 13 subjects, sub-expert group: 13 subjects) participated in the experiment. As physiological indices, we measured event-related potential (ERP), electromyography reaction time (EMGRT), and reaction time (RT) in choice reaction tasks for actual play situations (4 vs. 2 maneuvering task). As a neuropsychological index, we used scores from the design fluency test (DFT), which is used for executive function screening. Results indicated no significant differences for P300 latency or amplitude for ERP in the choice reaction tasks. This demonstrated that there were no differences in the level of experience for the process to evaluate stimulation in the form of “what type of situation.” EMG-RT and RT were significantly shorter in the expert group than in the sub-expert group. This suggested that a marked difference in intracerebral information processing during decision making was the ability to accurately and swiftly execute motions (output). DFT scores were significantly higher in the expert group than in the sub-expert group. Similar to previous studies, this suggested that expert players had excellent executive function creativity. The above results indicate that the characteristics of intracerebral information processing during decision making by expert soccer players are the abilities to swiftly process response and motions for executing plays and having excellent executive function.