Fabrication of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films by Ultrasonic-Atomized Mist Methods

Abstract

Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) thin films, which are promising for thin-film solar cells with abundant elements, have been fabricated by a simple and cost-effective technique of ultrasonic-atomized mist deposition method. The residual oxygen impurity was removed by successive mist sulfurization technique. The films hence obtained exhibited almost stoichiometric composition of CZTS together with optical bandgap energy of 1.44 eV.