2019 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 220-224
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a glycoprotein exclusively expressed on the surface of myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS). Although the precise function of MOG is not yet known, it is possibly related to the maintenance of the myelin structure. Although the IgG antibodies against MOG (MOG–IgG) are investigated in various demyelinating diseases, pathogenic antibodies had not been identified in any of the diseases. Using CBA, we are now able to detect a disease–specific MOG–IgG of IgG1 subclass. The specific MOG–IgG was initially reported in a study of pediatric demyelinating diseases, followed by studies of seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and optic neuritis. However, since the patients with MOG–IgG have various phenotype and are relatively rare compared with multiple sclerosis (MS), it is still yet unknown what a prototypic phenotype of this disease is.
