Clinical features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease meeting diagnostic criteria for autoimmune encephalitis (case series of 3 cases)

Abstract

The encephalitic form of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is a poorly understood disease. We report 3 cases of the encephalitic form of MOGAD. All of the patients presented with headache and 2 patients had fever. All of the patients developed optic neuritis (ON) during the course of the disease. The patients had abnormal cerebral blood flow or cerebral perfusion in one side of the brain. The patients were all treated with methylprednisolone, and one patient was treated with plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin. The encephalitic form of MOGAD should be suspected in patients who have encephalitis with ON, headache, or abnormal cerebral blood flow on one side of the brain.