Undifferentiated High-Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone (Previously Called Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone) Occurred in the Mandible: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

Abstract

We encountered two cases (65-year-old woman and 77-year-old man) with undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone (UPS of bone) that had occurred in the mandible. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was effective in one of these cases. Making a prompt histopathological diagnosis is crucial for UPS of bone. In addition, considering the indications for surgery at an early stage is important because an adequate extent of resection can be determined. In some patients, it shows rapid growth, making it difficult to determine the extent of resection at the first hospital visit. For such patients, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy should be included among the treatment options. However, the incidence of UPS of bone occurred in the mandible is low and there are few reports with detailed case descriptions. We consider accumulation of case reports including our present patients to be necessary for evaluating neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.