Abstract
Forty-three endosseous dental implants of 26 patients, 4 three-dimensional, 14 blades, 14 root-hollows, and 11 root-solids, were removed due to various reasons. Clinical observation indicated that osseointegrated implants with severe bone loss did not necessarily show any mobility in jaw bones, and that the removal of three-dimensional and blade implants often resulted in big bone loss because of their large root structure. Thirty-seven of the implants were histologically examined, and 6 implants without any surrounding tissue were excluded from the histological observation. Histologic sections indicated that the three-dimensional and the root-hollow implants often showed the presence of granulation tissue with stratified flattened epithelium in the complicated root-structure. Consequently, based on our observations and the review of literature, the root-type implant might be preferable because of its high predictability and easy removal.
